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Microbiological Observation of Superficial Fungal Infections in A Tertiary Care Hospital; A Hospital Based Study in South West Bihar
Mukesh Kumar1, Shakira Ansary2, Prabhat Kumar3, Rana Pratap1, Ashwini kumar4
1 Associate Professor, Dept. of Microbiology, NMCH, Jamuhar, Sasaram, India
2 Tutor, Dept. of Microbiology, NMCH, Jamuhar, Sasaram, India
3 Professor, Dept. of Microbiology, NMCH, Jamuhar, Sasaram, India
4 Assistant Professor, Dept. of Microbiology, NMCH, Jamuhar, Sasaram, India
Correspondence Address:
Mukesh Kumar
Associate Professor, Dept. of Microbiology, NMCH, Jamuhar, Sasaram
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None
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Introduction: Superficial mycoses are among the most frequent forms of human infections, affecting more than 20-25% of the world's population. They are predominantly caused by a group of closely related keratinophilic mycelial fungi, dermatophytes and less frequently by nondermatophytic fungi like Malassezia. These infections are especially common in tropical countries like India due to environmental factors like heat and humidity.
Aims and objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the trends of fungal species causing superficial fungal infections among patients presenting to dermat clinic in tertiary care center..
Materials and methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out over a period of three months from August 2018 to October 2018 in Narayan Medical College & Hospital Jamuhar Sasaram. Samples were obtained from patients who attended the dermatology department of NMCH Jamuahr Sasaram. These samples were collected with standard mycological protocol and then sample were subjected to10% KOH mount for direct microscopy and culture in Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) with cycloheximide chloramphenicol and speciation with Lactophenol Cotton Blue(LCB) mount.
Result: A total of 310 sample were processed of which skin scraping was 305 (98.38%) followed by nail clipping 3 (0.96%) and plucked hair 2 (0.64%). Out of 310 sample examined 260 sample showed septate fungal hyphae with direct microscopy; Of which 78(30%) showed growth on SDA. Among 78 isolates, 74(94.88%) were dermatophytes, of which Trichophyton mentagrophytes were maximum 26(32.05%) followed by T. verrucosum 21 (26.92%), T. tonsurans 16 (20.51%), T. rubrum 7(8.9%) and non speciated Trichophyton species were 6(7.6%).
Conclusion: Our study showed that T. mentagrophytes was the commonest dermatophyte causing superficial fungal infection.
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